Chloramphenicol Capsules B.P. 250mg Each capsule contains Chloramphenicol B.P. 250 mg: White or slight yellow. odourless powder in capsule. Indication: It is chiefly used for the treatment of typhoid, Para,typhus,pneumonia, meningitis etc, and also indicated for whooping cough,syphilis caused by gram negative bacilli in the intestinal and urinary tracts. Dosage and Administration: The adequate dosage is to be determined by the physician according to the nature and severity of the disease. The usual dosage is For Adults take 1-2 capsules four times daily and treatment could be carried on three times daily for 3-4 days after the patient has become afebrile, for children a dosage of 25-50 mg per kilo of body weight daily in 4 divided doses is usually recommended. Adverse Effects: Chloramphenicol may cause serious and sometimes fatal adverse effects. The most serious adverse effect of chloramphenicol is its depression of the bone marrow, which can take 2 different forms. The first is a fairly common dose-related reversible depression occuming usually when plasma concentrations exceed 25 μg per mL and is characterized by morphological changes in the bone marrow, decreased iron utilization, reticulocytopenia, anaemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The second and apparently unrelated form of bone-marrow toxicity is severe irreversible aplastic anaemia. This is fairly rare and is not considered to be dose-related. The gray syndrome may occur for using in premature and other newborn infants, the syndrome is characterized by abdominal distension, vomiting, ashen colour, hypothermia, progressive pallid cyanosis, irregular respiration, and circulatory collapse followed by death in a few hours or days. Prolonged administration may induce bleeding, either by bone-marrow depression or by reducing the intestinal flora with consequent inhibition of vitamin k synthesis. Haemolytic Anaemia peripheral, optic neuritis may occur in some patients. Hypersensitivity reactions including rashes, fever, and angioedema may occur especially after topical use. Other neurological symptoms include encephalopathy with confusion and delirium, mental depression, and headache. Precautions: It is contra-indicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to the drug. It should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated courses and prolonged treatment should be avoided and it should not be used patients with pre-existing bone marrow depression or blood dyscrasias. It should never be given to newborn infants unless for life-saving and no alternative treatment and is probably best avoided for using in pregnant and nursing mothers. Reduce dose should be given to patients with impaired liver function or impaired renal. Routine periodic blood examination are advised in all patients, a suggested range for peak plasma concentrations is 10 to 25 μg per ml and 5 to 15 μg per ml for through concentration. Package: 250 mg each capsule, 10 capsules per blister, box of 10 blisters. Storage: Store in a cool and dry place, keep out of reach of children.
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